U.S. Geological Survey - Environmental Health

Anticoagulant Rodenticides are Very Toxic to Raptors

More References on Rodenticides

  • Acute toxicity, histopathology, and coagulopathy in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) following administration of the rodenticide diphacinone: Rattner, B.A., Horak, K.E., Warner, S.E., Day, D.D., Meteyer, C.U., Volker, S.F., Eisemann, J.D., and Johnston, J.J., 2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 30, no. 5, p. 1213-1222, doi:10.1002/etc.490.
  • Comparative risk assessment of the first generation anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone to raptors, Rattner, B.A., Lazarus, R.S., Eisenreich, K.M., Horak, K.E., Volker, S.F., Campton, C.M., Eisemann, J.D., Meteyer, C.U., and Johnston, J.J., 2012, in Proceedings of the 25th Vertebrate Pest Conference, Monterey, California, March 5-8, 2012: University of California, Davis, p. 124-130.
  • Factors influencing estimation of pesticide-related wildlife mortality: Vyas, N.B., 1999, Toxicology and Industrial Health, v. 15, no. 1-2, p. 187-192, doi:10.1177/074823379901500116.
  • Untested pesticide mitigation requirements--Ecological, agricultural, and legal implications: Vyas, N.B., 2013, Drake Journal of Agricultural Law, v. 18, no. 2.
  • Chlorophacinone residues in mammalian prey at a black-tailed prairie dog colony: Vyas, N.B., Hulse, C.S., and Rice, C.P., 2012, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 31, no. 11, p. 2513-2516, doi:10.1002/etc.1968.
  • Critique on the use of the standardized avian acute oral toxicity test for first generation anticoagulant rodenticides: Vyas, N.B., and Rattner, B.A., 2012, Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, v. 18, no. 5, p. 1069-1077, doi:10.1080/10807039.2012.707934.
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